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市場(chǎng)正押注特朗普會(huì)對(duì)關(guān)稅讓步,并寄望于美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)救市

Jim Edwards
2025-07-16

若美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)優(yōu)先考慮控制通脹而非救市,降息可能不會(huì)發(fā)生。

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圖片來(lái)源:MANDEL NGAN—AFP via Getty Images

特朗普上周末對(duì)墨西哥和歐盟加征了30%關(guān)稅,但投資者似乎無(wú)視特朗普的關(guān)稅威脅,其依據(jù)是這些關(guān)稅最終會(huì)通過談判取消或無(wú)限期推遲。摩根大通(JPMorgan)指出,若市場(chǎng)認(rèn)為如果特朗普意外堅(jiān)持強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng),美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)必將出手相救,這種判斷可能鑄成大錯(cuò)。

德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)警告,這種“TACO交易”(TACO指特朗普終將退縮)正在累積巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

德意志銀行分析師亨利·艾倫告知客戶:“市場(chǎng)顯然未消化這些高額關(guān)稅,最終結(jié)果或僅在截止時(shí)刻揭曉,可能導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)劇烈反應(yīng)并加劇波動(dòng)?!?/p>

其同事吉姆·里德持相同觀點(diǎn)。他對(duì)客戶表示:“平心而論,特朗普上月曾威脅對(duì)歐盟課征50%關(guān)稅,相比之下當(dāng)前局面已屬改善。市場(chǎng)普遍認(rèn)為這主要是談判策略,最終稅率不太可能落地。但到了某個(gè)階段,一些人的虛張聲勢(shì)可能會(huì)被識(shí)破。當(dāng)前美國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)逼近高位,債券市場(chǎng)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,特朗普面臨讓步壓力較小。若8月1日真的在交投清淡的假期市場(chǎng)開征巨額關(guān)稅,市場(chǎng)反應(yīng)可能相當(dāng)劇烈。"

高盛(Goldman Sachs)也持同樣的立場(chǎng)??R克夏·特里維迪及其團(tuán)隊(duì)向客戶表示:“市場(chǎng)參與者和我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多預(yù)期這些關(guān)稅不會(huì)生效。經(jīng)歷今年數(shù)次相同模式后,市場(chǎng)可能已判定當(dāng)前宣布的稅率過高而難以為繼?!?/p>

瑞銀(UBS)的保羅·多諾萬(wàn)同樣指出:“金融市場(chǎng)似乎篤定特朗普最終會(huì)從其最新貿(mào)易關(guān)稅威脅中退縮?!?/p>

市場(chǎng)似乎還假設(shè),若“TACO交易”策略失敗,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)必會(huì)救市。但若關(guān)稅推升通脹,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將無(wú)法如市場(chǎng)當(dāng)前預(yù)期的那樣實(shí)施降息。

摩根大通的布魯斯·卡斯曼團(tuán)隊(duì)預(yù)測(cè),隨著關(guān)稅沖擊引發(fā)供給端震蕩,下半年經(jīng)濟(jì)將呈現(xiàn)“滯脹傾向”。他們上周末告知客戶:“該預(yù)測(cè)與市場(chǎng)定價(jià)之間出現(xiàn)驚人的脫節(jié),后者預(yù)期企業(yè)盈利大幅增長(zhǎng)且美國(guó)通脹幾無(wú)上行壓力。”

該團(tuán)隊(duì)表示:“我們的預(yù)測(cè)亦應(yīng)視為對(duì)市場(chǎng)接受的‘金發(fā)姑娘情景’的挑戰(zhàn)。在該情景中,未來(lái)一年,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將保持穩(wěn)健增長(zhǎng),通脹回落,且美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)采取寬松政策。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

特朗普上周末對(duì)墨西哥和歐盟加征了30%關(guān)稅,但投資者似乎無(wú)視特朗普的關(guān)稅威脅,其依據(jù)是這些關(guān)稅最終會(huì)通過談判取消或無(wú)限期推遲。摩根大通(JPMorgan)指出,若市場(chǎng)認(rèn)為如果特朗普意外堅(jiān)持強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng),美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)必將出手相救,這種判斷可能鑄成大錯(cuò)。

德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)警告,這種“TACO交易”(TACO指特朗普終將退縮)正在累積巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

德意志銀行分析師亨利·艾倫告知客戶:“市場(chǎng)顯然未消化這些高額關(guān)稅,最終結(jié)果或僅在截止時(shí)刻揭曉,可能導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)劇烈反應(yīng)并加劇波動(dòng)?!?/p>

其同事吉姆·里德持相同觀點(diǎn)。他對(duì)客戶表示:“平心而論,特朗普上月曾威脅對(duì)歐盟課征50%關(guān)稅,相比之下當(dāng)前局面已屬改善。市場(chǎng)普遍認(rèn)為這主要是談判策略,最終稅率不太可能落地。但到了某個(gè)階段,一些人的虛張聲勢(shì)可能會(huì)被識(shí)破。當(dāng)前美國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)逼近高位,債券市場(chǎng)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,特朗普面臨讓步壓力較小。若8月1日真的在交投清淡的假期市場(chǎng)開征巨額關(guān)稅,市場(chǎng)反應(yīng)可能相當(dāng)劇烈。"

高盛(Goldman Sachs)也持同樣的立場(chǎng)。卡馬克夏·特里維迪及其團(tuán)隊(duì)向客戶表示:“市場(chǎng)參與者和我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家多預(yù)期這些關(guān)稅不會(huì)生效。經(jīng)歷今年數(shù)次相同模式后,市場(chǎng)可能已判定當(dāng)前宣布的稅率過高而難以為繼?!?/p>

瑞銀(UBS)的保羅·多諾萬(wàn)同樣指出:“金融市場(chǎng)似乎篤定特朗普最終會(huì)從其最新貿(mào)易關(guān)稅威脅中退縮?!?/p>

市場(chǎng)似乎還假設(shè),若“TACO交易”策略失敗,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)必會(huì)救市。但若關(guān)稅推升通脹,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將無(wú)法如市場(chǎng)當(dāng)前預(yù)期的那樣實(shí)施降息。

摩根大通的布魯斯·卡斯曼團(tuán)隊(duì)預(yù)測(cè),隨著關(guān)稅沖擊引發(fā)供給端震蕩,下半年經(jīng)濟(jì)將呈現(xiàn)“滯脹傾向”。他們上周末告知客戶:“該預(yù)測(cè)與市場(chǎng)定價(jià)之間出現(xiàn)驚人的脫節(jié),后者預(yù)期企業(yè)盈利大幅增長(zhǎng)且美國(guó)通脹幾無(wú)上行壓力?!?

該團(tuán)隊(duì)表示:“我們的預(yù)測(cè)亦應(yīng)視為對(duì)市場(chǎng)接受的‘金發(fā)姑娘情景’的挑戰(zhàn)。在該情景中,未來(lái)一年,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將保持穩(wěn)健增長(zhǎng),通脹回落,且美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)采取寬松政策?!保ㄘ?cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

And yet, according to Wall Street, none of this should be happening. Investors seem to be ignoring President Trump’s tariff threats—he imposed 30% on Mexico and the EU over the weekend—on the assumption that they will eventually be negotiated away or pushed even further into the future. And, according to JPMorgan, the markets may be making a mistake if they think the Fed will come to their rescue in the event that Trump unexpectedly sticks to his guns.

Thus the TACO trade (Trump Always Chickens Out) is creating a ton of risk ahead, according to Deutsche Bank.

“Markets are clearly not pricing in these higher tariffs, and we may only know the outcome in the final hours, offering the potential for a sharp market reaction and heightened volatility,” DB’s Henry Allen told clients.

His colleague Jim Reid had much the same take: “To be fair, a month ago Trump threatened the EU with a 50% tariff so you might argue this is an improvement! The market will generally think this is mostly a negotiating tactic and that we’re unlikely to see such rates,” he told clients. “However at some stage, someone’s bluff could be called. Trump is under less pressure to back down with US risk markets around their highs and bond markets relatively stable at the moment. If huge tariffs do get imposed on August 1st, in thin holiday markets, we could get a sizeable market reaction.”

Goldman Sachs is singing from the same hymnbook. “Participants—and our economists—mostly do not expect these tariffs to go into effect. After seeing the pattern several times already this year, markets have likely determined that the rates being floated are too high to sustain,” Kamakshya Trivedi and his team told clients.

Likewise, Paul Donovan at UBS: “Financial markets seem content to assume US President Trump will default to retreating from their latest trade tax threats.”

The markets also seem to be assuming that the U.S. Federal Reserve will bail them out if anything goes wrong with their TACO trade. If the tariffs are inflationary, the Fed will not be able to deliver the cuts to interest rates that the markets are currently assuming are priced-in.

JPMorgan’s Bruce Kasman et al are predicting a “stagflationary tilt” for the second half of the year as the tariffs supply shocks hit the economy. “The disconnect between this forecast and market pricing of substantial gains in corporate earnings and little upward pressure on US inflation is striking,” they told clients over the weekend.

“Our forecast should also be seen as a challenge to the market’s embrace of a Goldilocks scenario of solid growth and declining US inflation alongside easing Fed over the coming year,” they said.

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