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接下來(lái)三個(gè)月美股堪憂(yōu),明年也沒(méi)指望

Will Daniel
2022-11-28

專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為,隨著美國(guó)持續(xù)加息,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)將在接下來(lái)的三個(gè)月里跌至3,600點(diǎn),跌幅約為10%。

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紐約證券交易所(New York Stock Exchange)里的一名交易員。圖片來(lái)源:MICHAEL NAGLE/BLOOMBERG VIA GETTY IMAGES

盡管今年華爾街對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)給出了很多衰退預(yù)期,不過(guò)高盛集團(tuán)(Goldman Sachs)的分析師們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)為,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的“軟著陸”是有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

但這并不意味著股市投資者們可以開(kāi)始慶祝了。

由高盛集團(tuán)的美國(guó)首席證券策略師大衛(wèi)·科斯汀領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的證券研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在上周指出,隨著美國(guó)持續(xù)加息,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)(S&P 500)將在接下來(lái)的三個(gè)月里跌至3,600點(diǎn),跌幅約為10%。

科斯汀和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還表示,在本輪下跌后,到2023年年底,預(yù)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)有望恢復(fù)到4,000點(diǎn),也就是大約與現(xiàn)今的水平相同。

他們的預(yù)測(cè)是基于美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(Federal Reserve)的抗通脹之戰(zhàn)將于明年5月結(jié)束的預(yù)期,只要美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)不再加息,即便全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)陷入停滯,美國(guó)證券價(jià)格也依然會(huì)從低位回升。

為對(duì)抗近40年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的惡性通脹,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)今年已經(jīng)六次加息了。從今年10月開(kāi)始,連續(xù)加息的效果初步顯現(xiàn),美國(guó)的CPI同比增長(zhǎng)率從6月最高的9.1%下降至7.7%。

科斯汀在11月21日的一份研究報(bào)告中指出:“我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì),到2023年年初,通脹的減速將愈發(fā)明顯,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將降低加息幅度,并最終停止緊縮政策?!?/p>

但與此同時(shí),由于企業(yè)界普遍存在營(yíng)收增長(zhǎng)乏力和較大的盈利壓力,科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)也表示,他們預(yù)計(jì)2023年“股市帶來(lái)的痛苦會(huì)減少,但仍然不會(huì)有什么收益”。

科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)還警告道,雖然他們預(yù)計(jì)明年美股市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)趨平,但股市仍然有一個(gè)重要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素——那就是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。

他們?cè)趫?bào)告中指出:“我們的趨平假設(shè)是有條件的,但是如果出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,企業(yè)收益就會(huì)大幅下降,投資者應(yīng)該對(duì)此保持謹(jǐn)慎?!?/p>

“明顯的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”

據(jù)全美商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)(National Association for Business Economics)的調(diào)查顯示,98%的受訪企業(yè)首席執(zhí)行官預(yù)計(jì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將在18個(gè)月內(nèi)出現(xiàn)衰退。75%的受訪者認(rèn)為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)處于衰退之中——就連埃隆·馬斯克這樣的億萬(wàn)富翁也認(rèn)同這一點(diǎn)。

不過(guò)高盛集團(tuán)仍然認(rèn)為,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)后勁很強(qiáng),能夠抵御住這次風(fēng)暴。盡管該公司的分析師也承認(rèn),經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退“仍然是一個(gè)明顯的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?!?/p>

科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為,如果美國(guó)真的陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,那么明年企業(yè)收益就將下降11%左右。屆時(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)最低有可能跌至3,150點(diǎn)(跌幅達(dá)22%)。

那么,市場(chǎng)會(huì)在什么時(shí)候觸底呢?科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)并未對(duì)此做出預(yù)測(cè)。不過(guò)他們認(rèn)為,當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)最差時(shí),股市通常就會(huì)觸底。

比如他們指出,在自二戰(zhàn)以來(lái)的12次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)“經(jīng)?!睍?huì)在ISM制造業(yè)指數(shù)(ISM Manufacturing Index,一個(gè)衡量制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的指標(biāo))跌至周期性低點(diǎn)的幾個(gè)月內(nèi)觸底。

最后,科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為,由于企業(yè)回購(gòu)股票數(shù)量減少,加之散戶(hù)建倉(cāng)減少,明年市場(chǎng)對(duì)股票的興趣將會(huì)減弱,而這也會(huì)打擊股價(jià)。

他們?cè)趫?bào)告中稱(chēng):“十多年來(lái),股票回購(gòu)一直是股票需求最大和最持續(xù)的來(lái)源,但明年這種需求將會(huì)減弱?!彼麄冾A(yù)計(jì),明年企業(yè)的回購(gòu)將同比下降10%。

高盛集團(tuán)還預(yù)計(jì),明年將成為自2018年以來(lái)散戶(hù)投資者首個(gè)凈賣(mài)出股票的年度,股市的流出資金預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到1,000億美元。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:樸成奎

盡管今年華爾街對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)給出了很多衰退預(yù)期,不過(guò)高盛集團(tuán)(Goldman Sachs)的分析師們?nèi)匀徽J(rèn)為,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的“軟著陸”是有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

但這并不意味著股市投資者們可以開(kāi)始慶祝了。

由高盛集團(tuán)的美國(guó)首席證券策略師大衛(wèi)·科斯汀領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的證券研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在上周指出,隨著美國(guó)持續(xù)加息,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)(S&P 500)將在接下來(lái)的三個(gè)月里跌至3,600點(diǎn),跌幅約為10%。

科斯汀和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還表示,在本輪下跌后,到2023年年底,預(yù)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)有望恢復(fù)到4,000點(diǎn),也就是大約與現(xiàn)今的水平相同。

他們的預(yù)測(cè)是基于美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(Federal Reserve)的抗通脹之戰(zhàn)將于明年5月結(jié)束的預(yù)期,只要美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)不再加息,即便全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)陷入停滯,美國(guó)證券價(jià)格也依然會(huì)從低位回升。

為對(duì)抗近40年來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的惡性通脹,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)今年已經(jīng)六次加息了。從今年10月開(kāi)始,連續(xù)加息的效果初步顯現(xiàn),美國(guó)的CPI同比增長(zhǎng)率從6月最高的9.1%下降至7.7%。

科斯汀在11月21日的一份研究報(bào)告中指出:“我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì),到2023年年初,通脹的減速將愈發(fā)明顯,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)將降低加息幅度,并最終停止緊縮政策。”

但與此同時(shí),由于企業(yè)界普遍存在營(yíng)收增長(zhǎng)乏力和較大的盈利壓力,科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)也表示,他們預(yù)計(jì)2023年“股市帶來(lái)的痛苦會(huì)減少,但仍然不會(huì)有什么收益”。

科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)還警告道,雖然他們預(yù)計(jì)明年美股市場(chǎng)表現(xiàn)趨平,但股市仍然有一個(gè)重要的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素——那就是經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。

他們?cè)趫?bào)告中指出:“我們的趨平假設(shè)是有條件的,但是如果出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,企業(yè)收益就會(huì)大幅下降,投資者應(yīng)該對(duì)此保持謹(jǐn)慎。”

“明顯的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”

據(jù)全美商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)(National Association for Business Economics)的調(diào)查顯示,98%的受訪企業(yè)首席執(zhí)行官預(yù)計(jì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將在18個(gè)月內(nèi)出現(xiàn)衰退。75%的受訪者認(rèn)為美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)處于衰退之中——就連埃隆·馬斯克這樣的億萬(wàn)富翁也認(rèn)同這一點(diǎn)。

不過(guò)高盛集團(tuán)仍然認(rèn)為,美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)后勁很強(qiáng),能夠抵御住這次風(fēng)暴。盡管該公司的分析師也承認(rèn),經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退“仍然是一個(gè)明顯的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”

科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為,如果美國(guó)真的陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退,那么明年企業(yè)收益就將下降11%左右。屆時(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)最低有可能跌至3,150點(diǎn)(跌幅達(dá)22%)。

那么,市場(chǎng)會(huì)在什么時(shí)候觸底呢?科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)并未對(duì)此做出預(yù)測(cè)。不過(guò)他們認(rèn)為,當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)數(shù)據(jù)最差時(shí),股市通常就會(huì)觸底。

比如他們指出,在自二戰(zhàn)以來(lái)的12次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)“經(jīng)常”會(huì)在ISM制造業(yè)指數(shù)(ISM Manufacturing Index,一個(gè)衡量制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的指標(biāo))跌至周期性低點(diǎn)的幾個(gè)月內(nèi)觸底。

最后,科斯汀團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為,由于企業(yè)回購(gòu)股票數(shù)量減少,加之散戶(hù)建倉(cāng)減少,明年市場(chǎng)對(duì)股票的興趣將會(huì)減弱,而這也會(huì)打擊股價(jià)。

他們?cè)趫?bào)告中稱(chēng):“十多年來(lái),股票回購(gòu)一直是股票需求最大和最持續(xù)的來(lái)源,但明年這種需求將會(huì)減弱。”他們預(yù)計(jì),明年企業(yè)的回購(gòu)將同比下降10%。

高盛集團(tuán)還預(yù)計(jì),明年將成為自2018年以來(lái)散戶(hù)投資者首個(gè)凈賣(mài)出股票的年度,股市的流出資金預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到1,000億美元。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:樸成奎

Despite a parade of recession predictions from Wall Street this year, Goldman Sachs’ strategists still believe a “soft landing” is likely.

But that doesn’t mean stock market investors should celebrate.

The 153-year-old investment bank’s equity research team, led by chief U.S. equity strategist David Kostin, said last week that they believe the S&P 500 will drop roughly 10% to 3600 over the next three months as interest rates rise.

After that, Kostin and his team made the case that the blue-chip index will finish 2023 at 4000—roughly the same level it closed at today.

Their argument is based on the idea that the Federal Reserve’s inflation battle will end by May of next year, which will help boost equity prices from their lows even as global economic growth stalls.

The Fed has raised rates six times this year to fight inflation not seen since the early 1980s. In October, the results of its work started to show when year-over-year inflation, as measured by the consumer price index (CPI), fell to 7.7%, a significant drop from its 9.1% June peak.

“Our economists expect by early 2023 it will become clear that inflation is decelerating and the Fed will reduce the magnitude of hikes and eventually cease tightening,” Kostin wrote in a November 21 research note.

But at the same time, with a lack of corporate earnings growth on the horizon and company profit margins facing pressure, Kostin and his team said they “expect less pain but also no gain” for stocks in 2023.

And they warned there is one key risk to their flat-year for stocks thesis—a recession.

“[A] flat return under our base case and [a] large downside in a recession means investors should remain cautious,” they wrote.

A “distinct risk”

Here are the facts. Some 98% of CEOs expect a recession within 18 months and 72% of economists polled by the National Association for Business Economics expect a recession within the next year. Meanwhile, 75% of voters believe we’re already in a recession—and billionaires like Elon Musk agree.

Despite this, Goldman Sachs believes the U.S. economy is strong enough to weather the storm, even if its analysts admit a serious economic downturn “remains a distinct risk.”

If a recession does hit, Kostin and his team argue that corporate earnings would fall 11% next year. For the S&P 500, that would mean a drop to 3150 (-22%) at the low point of the recession.

When is that low point? Kostin and his team didn’t make that forecast but argued that when economic growth data is at its worst, markets typically hit bottom.

They noted, for instance, that in the 12 recessions since World War II, the S&P 500 has “often” bottomed within a few months of the cycle-low of the ISM Manufacturing Index, which is a gauge of economic activity in the manufacturing sector.

Finally, Kostin and his team noted that there will be less appetite for stocks next year due to a reduced number of corporate buybacks, as well as less stock buying among retail investors, which could hurt share prices.

“Buybacks have been the largest and most consistent source of demand for shares for more than 10 years but demand will soften in 2023,” they wrote, predicting a 10% year-over-year decline in corporate buybacks.

Goldman also expects households to be net sellers of stocks for the first time since 2018 next year, with estimated outflows of $100 billion.

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