現(xiàn)年73歲的我,職業(yè)生涯已長達51年,卻仍在工作。拜托,不必為此鼓掌,也無需心生憐憫。我堅持工作,純粹是因為熱愛。
67歲時,我離開了上一份工作——在一家高強度、按小時計費的公關(guān)公司擔(dān)任高管長達28年之后,我自立門戶成為獨立顧問。如今,我以兼職形式開展工作,每周工作約25至30小時,工作量大致是過往的一半。我?guī)缀趺刻於纪度牍ぷ鳎骄刻煸谵k公桌前工作約4小時,且多集中在上午時段。
直到最近,我才證實了長久以來的猜測:身為老年人,持續(xù)從事專業(yè)工作,對我的身體、心理、社交乃至精神健康都大有裨益。
不退休的好處
總而言之,研究表明,超過標準退休年齡仍持續(xù)工作,可能帶來多重健康益處:大腦保持活躍,維持認知功能并降低罹患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險;維系社交聯(lián)系,提升情緒健康并避免孤獨;甚至可能預(yù)防慢性疾病并延長壽命。
如今,越來越多的人選擇在65歲后繼續(xù)工作,甚至持續(xù)工作至八九十歲。這一現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),主要歸因于人類壽命的顯著延長。倘若我們明天便在65歲退休,往后或許還有15年乃至20年的時光,這就需要我們以有意義的方式去充實這段悠長的歲月。
我們工作年限不斷延長,這不僅是因為總體上我們保持健康狀態(tài)的時間更長,也源于受教育程度達到了前所未有的高度。我們越來越多地從事腦力工作而非體力勞動,工作場景也從流水線轉(zhuǎn)移到了電腦鍵盤前。
如今,相對寬松的工作安排讓我得以追逐其他同樣重要的事情。比如與兩個孫輩踢足球,和社區(qū)里新結(jié)識的朋友聚會,在現(xiàn)居地意大利學(xué)習(xí)用意大利語與當?shù)厝私涣?。我堅信這些活動都有助于保持健康。
然而,晚年延長工作年限就一定有益健康嗎?并非如此。需警惕工作與健康關(guān)系中的另一面:年長者持續(xù)工作可能會給身體帶來負擔(dān),增加受傷風(fēng)險并加重關(guān)節(jié)炎等慢性疾病;長期從事工作——尤其在高壓環(huán)境中——可能加劇壓力、擾亂睡眠,壓縮休閑時間,進而影響休息和放松。
多數(shù)同齡人早已退休,這也在情理之中?;蛟S他們當了20年警察、30年公立學(xué)校教師,或是40年醫(yī)生。臨近退休時,他們早已身心俱疲,滿心感激他們的奉獻——他們只是按部就班、重復(fù)著相同的工作,膝蓋受損、思維漸鈍,確實到了該停下的時刻。
我在意大利的鄰居們——無論是當?shù)厝诉€是外籍居民——都默認我已退休。得知我仍在工作時,無一不面露驚詫之色,挑眉瞪眼、合不攏嘴。這不難理解:畢竟我如今住在一個偏遠的農(nóng)業(yè)城鎮(zhèn),與昔日連軸轉(zhuǎn)的紐約總部相隔4000多英里(約合6437千米)。
“工作是最好的良藥”
但堅持工作給我?guī)砹酥T多收獲:智力刺激、社交聯(lián)系、身份認同與價值感,以及為社會貢獻力量的機會。
此外,我懷疑退休會“終結(jié)”我的生命。身為作家,我對“不發(fā)表就出局”這句格言深有體會。這一點上,我與81歲的滾石樂隊吉他手基思·理查茲(Keith Richards)不謀而合。他曾說:“音樂是必需品——在食物、空氣、水和溫暖之后,音樂是生命的下一項必需品。”我也認同91歲的時尚設(shè)計師喬治·阿瑪尼(Giorgio Armani)近期的表態(tài):“工作是最好的良藥。”
幾十年前,我曾有機會采訪棒球投手諾蘭·瑞安(Nolan Ryan)。彼時他44歲,早已超過任何運動項目職業(yè)運動員的常規(guī)退役年齡,卻剛投出職業(yè)生涯第七場無安打比賽——這一紀錄至今仍是美國職業(yè)棒球大聯(lián)盟的最高紀錄。我問他對于總是被問及年齡有何感想,他表示:“這讓我厭煩。”
“該繼續(xù)工作還是退休”是個兩難選擇,沒有放之四海皆準的答案。這取決于諸多因素:當前健康狀況、財務(wù)狀況、受教育程度、工作性質(zhì),以及對衰老的態(tài)度。你還應(yīng)該考慮——或許是最重要的——什么能給你的生活帶來最大意義與目標感。
我堅持工作還有其他原因:成就感令人上癮;渴望充分施展畢生經(jīng)驗;好奇自己還能在高標準下堅持多久。
最終,我信奉劇作家蕭伯納(George Bernard Shaw)的人生哲學(xué):“我期盼離世之際,已然為社會耗盡自己的一切,這是因為我越是勤勉工作,生命便越能長久延續(xù),我也就越能體悟到生活本身的歡愉。在我看來,生活并不是短暫的燭光,而是一支輝煌的火炬,此刻,我正舉著它,而且要在傳給后人之前,讓它盡可能燃燒得更明亮些。”
至少,在即將邁入75歲之際,工作于我而言是維持機能的“基礎(chǔ)保養(yǎng)劑”。但往好的方面講,工作讓我真切感受到:自己依然充滿生命力。(財富中文網(wǎng))
鮑勃·布羅迪(Bob Brody)是顧問、散文家兼資深健康記者。
Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。
譯者:中慧言-王芳
現(xiàn)年73歲的我,職業(yè)生涯已長達51年,卻仍在工作。拜托,不必為此鼓掌,也無需心生憐憫。我堅持工作,純粹是因為熱愛。
67歲時,我離開了上一份工作——在一家高強度、按小時計費的公關(guān)公司擔(dān)任高管長達28年之后,我自立門戶成為獨立顧問。如今,我以兼職形式開展工作,每周工作約25至30小時,工作量大致是過往的一半。我?guī)缀趺刻於纪度牍ぷ鳎骄刻煸谵k公桌前工作約4小時,且多集中在上午時段。
直到最近,我才證實了長久以來的猜測:身為老年人,持續(xù)從事專業(yè)工作,對我的身體、心理、社交乃至精神健康都大有裨益。
不退休的好處
總而言之,研究表明,超過標準退休年齡仍持續(xù)工作,可能帶來多重健康益處:大腦保持活躍,維持認知功能并降低罹患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險;維系社交聯(lián)系,提升情緒健康并避免孤獨;甚至可能預(yù)防慢性疾病并延長壽命。
如今,越來越多的人選擇在65歲后繼續(xù)工作,甚至持續(xù)工作至八九十歲。這一現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),主要歸因于人類壽命的顯著延長。倘若我們明天便在65歲退休,往后或許還有15年乃至20年的時光,這就需要我們以有意義的方式去充實這段悠長的歲月。
我們工作年限不斷延長,這不僅是因為總體上我們保持健康狀態(tài)的時間更長,也源于受教育程度達到了前所未有的高度。我們越來越多地從事腦力工作而非體力勞動,工作場景也從流水線轉(zhuǎn)移到了電腦鍵盤前。
如今,相對寬松的工作安排讓我得以追逐其他同樣重要的事情。比如與兩個孫輩踢足球,和社區(qū)里新結(jié)識的朋友聚會,在現(xiàn)居地意大利學(xué)習(xí)用意大利語與當?shù)厝私涣鳌N覉孕胚@些活動都有助于保持健康。
然而,晚年延長工作年限就一定有益健康嗎?并非如此。需警惕工作與健康關(guān)系中的另一面:年長者持續(xù)工作可能會給身體帶來負擔(dān),增加受傷風(fēng)險并加重關(guān)節(jié)炎等慢性疾?。婚L期從事工作——尤其在高壓環(huán)境中——可能加劇壓力、擾亂睡眠,壓縮休閑時間,進而影響休息和放松。
多數(shù)同齡人早已退休,這也在情理之中。或許他們當了20年警察、30年公立學(xué)校教師,或是40年醫(yī)生。臨近退休時,他們早已身心俱疲,滿心感激他們的奉獻——他們只是按部就班、重復(fù)著相同的工作,膝蓋受損、思維漸鈍,確實到了該停下的時刻。
我在意大利的鄰居們——無論是當?shù)厝诉€是外籍居民——都默認我已退休。得知我仍在工作時,無一不面露驚詫之色,挑眉瞪眼、合不攏嘴。這不難理解:畢竟我如今住在一個偏遠的農(nóng)業(yè)城鎮(zhèn),與昔日連軸轉(zhuǎn)的紐約總部相隔4000多英里(約合6437千米)。
“工作是最好的良藥”
但堅持工作給我?guī)砹酥T多收獲:智力刺激、社交聯(lián)系、身份認同與價值感,以及為社會貢獻力量的機會。
此外,我懷疑退休會“終結(jié)”我的生命。身為作家,我對“不發(fā)表就出局”這句格言深有體會。這一點上,我與81歲的滾石樂隊吉他手基思·理查茲(Keith Richards)不謀而合。他曾說:“音樂是必需品——在食物、空氣、水和溫暖之后,音樂是生命的下一項必需品。”我也認同91歲的時尚設(shè)計師喬治·阿瑪尼(Giorgio Armani)近期的表態(tài):“工作是最好的良藥?!?
幾十年前,我曾有機會采訪棒球投手諾蘭·瑞安(Nolan Ryan)。彼時他44歲,早已超過任何運動項目職業(yè)運動員的常規(guī)退役年齡,卻剛投出職業(yè)生涯第七場無安打比賽——這一紀錄至今仍是美國職業(yè)棒球大聯(lián)盟的最高紀錄。我問他對于總是被問及年齡有何感想,他表示:“這讓我厭煩?!?
“該繼續(xù)工作還是退休”是個兩難選擇,沒有放之四海皆準的答案。這取決于諸多因素:當前健康狀況、財務(wù)狀況、受教育程度、工作性質(zhì),以及對衰老的態(tài)度。你還應(yīng)該考慮——或許是最重要的——什么能給你的生活帶來最大意義與目標感。
我堅持工作還有其他原因:成就感令人上癮;渴望充分施展畢生經(jīng)驗;好奇自己還能在高標準下堅持多久。
最終,我信奉劇作家蕭伯納(George Bernard Shaw)的人生哲學(xué):“我期盼離世之際,已然為社會耗盡自己的一切,這是因為我越是勤勉工作,生命便越能長久延續(xù),我也就越能體悟到生活本身的歡愉。在我看來,生活并不是短暫的燭光,而是一支輝煌的火炬,此刻,我正舉著它,而且要在傳給后人之前,讓它盡可能燃燒得更明亮些?!?
至少,在即將邁入75歲之際,工作于我而言是維持機能的“基礎(chǔ)保養(yǎng)劑”。但往好的方面講,工作讓我真切感受到:自己依然充滿生命力。(財富中文網(wǎng))
鮑勃·布羅迪(Bob Brody)是顧問、散文家兼資深健康記者。
Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。
譯者:中慧言-王芳
At age 73, after a career already spanning 51 years, I’m still working. Please, no standing ovation necessary. Nor, for that matter, pangs of pity, either. I plug away at my trade because I like to.
I left my last job at age 67, after 28 years in senior management at high-pressure, bill-by-the-hour public relations firms and set up shop as an independent consultant. Today I’m part-time, logging about 25 to 30 hours a week, about half of my previous workload. I go at it almost every day, putting in an average of about four hours at my desk, mostly in the morning.
Only recently have I learned what I’ve long suspected, namely that practicing my profession as a senior is good for my health physically, mentally, socially, and spiritually.
Skipping retirement has advantages
In general, research shows, working past standard retirement age may offer multiple health advantages. The brain is kept active, maintaining cognitive function and diminishing the likelihood of dementia. You stay connected socially, boosting emotional well-being and staving off loneliness. You might even prevent chronic illness and live longer.
More of us than ever before are working past age 65 and even into our eighties and nineties. This phenomenon is happening mainly because we’re living so much longer. If we retire tomorrow at 65, we may live another 15 or 20 years, leaving us a lot of time to occupy in a fulfilling way.
We also keep going longer because we’re generally staying healthier longer, plus we’re better educated than ever. We increasingly do jobs that are more cerebral than physical, taking place at a computer keyboard rather than on an assembly line.
My lighter work schedule these days frees me to pursue other, equally valuable priorities. Playing soccer with our two grandchildren. Hanging out with newfound friends in our community. Learning to converse in Italian with locals where I now live in Italy. All of which activities I strongly suspect promote robust health.
But does working longer and later in life always boost your health? No. Beware the flip side to the whole work-health equation. Working as a senior can strain you physically, raising the risk of injury and aggravating chronic conditions such as arthritis. Chugging along for too many years can amp up your stress—especially in an intense workplace environment—as well as disrupt your sleep and limit time available for leisure, cutting into rest and relaxation.
Most people who reach my age have retired—and well they might. Maybe they racked up 20 years as a cop, or 30 years as a public-school teacher, or 40 as a physician. As they near retirement they’ve had quite enough, thank you very much—they’re just going through the motions and repeating themselves. The knees are shot, the brain is fried, and it’s time to stop.
My neighbors here in Italy—local and expat alike—automatically assume I’ve quit the workforce. To a person, they’re surprised, equally so, to learn I’m still reporting for duty. Eyebrows go up. Jaws drop. It’s understandable: After all, I now live here, in a small farming town more than 4,000 miles away from my former headquarters in rock-around-the-clock New York City.
‘Work is the best medicine’
But I get a lot out of clutching my work close. Intellectual stimulation. Social connection. A sense of identity and importance. The opportunity to contribute to society.
Besides, I suspect retirement would literally be the death of me. As a writer, I tend to take literally the aphorism “publish or perish.” I’m in sync with 81-year-old Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards. “Music is a necessity,” he once said. “After food, air, water, and warmth, music is the next necessity of life.” I’m also simpatico with fashion designer Giorgio Armani, now 91, who recently declared, “Work is the best medicine.”
Some decades back, I had occasion to interview baseball pitcher Nolan Ryan. He was already 44, long past the customary expiration date for professional athletes in any sport. Yet Ryan had just pitched his seventh no-hitter, still the most in Major League Baseball history. I asked him how he felt about always being asked about his age. “It gets old,” he said.
Deciding whether you should keep working or stop can be a dilemma. No one answer is right for every individual. It depends on a lot of factors: your current health, financial status, level of education, the nature of your work, and your attitude toward getting older. You should also consider—perhaps above all—what gives your life the most meaning and purpose.
I persist in my labors for other reasons, too. The addictive sense of accomplishment. The ambition to harvest all my experience to the fullest. A curiosity about how much longer I can go and still live up to the highest standards.
Ultimately, I subscribe to the philosophy espoused by playwright George Bernard Shaw. “I want to be thoroughly used up when I die, for the harder I work, the more I live,” he wrote. “Life is no ‘brief candle’ to me. It is sort of a splendid torch which I have a hold of for the moment, and I want to make it burn as brightly as possible before handing it over to future generations.”
At the very least, working as I approach the three-quarter-century mark is a matter of performing basic maintenance that keeps me functional. But at its best, my work thrills me with the feeling that I’m still fully alive.
Bob Brody, a consultant, essayist and long-time health journalist, is author of the memoir Playing Catch with Strangers: A Family Guy (Reluctantly) Comes of Age.
The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.